1. Jehoahaz will never return (10-17)

Josiah, a good king, had two sons, Jehoahaz (or Shallum) and Jehoiakim. Shallum ruled Judah three months. He lived a self-indulgent life (13). He forced his own people to build without pay. Though he was king, he could not escape God's judgement. He was defeated in battle and died in Egypt. He should have followed his father's example, who did what was right and just. Josiah did so because he sought to know God. He showed his sons the way.

2. Suffering the consequences (18-23)

Jehoiakim sought his own prosperity. He refused to repent and listen to Jeremiah's words to submit to the Babylonians. He tried to secure his throne with allies and enjoy a comfortable life by oppressing others. He would soon go into exile.