1. Saul's impatience (1-15)

Saul was king. He faced insurmountable odds, for the Philistines were both technically advanced and as numerous as the sands of the sea. When his ill-equipped army began to tremble in fear and fall apart, Saul thought he had to attack. Though Samuel had told him to wait, Saul offered the before-the-battle sacrifice himself. When he obeyed his fear rather than the command of the Lord, he was rejected as king. God would look further for a man after his own heart.

2. No weapons (16-23)

The army of Israel had no weapons because the Philistines made sure there wasn't a blacksmith in Israel. When the day of battle came, the Israelites had nothing to depend on except the Lord. Saul missed the opportunity to bring God glory when he didn't wait and pray.